Technology

Wastewater treatment technology

• anaerobic processes (wastewater and organic waste): compact installation, stable and simple, biogas production for electrical and thermic co-generation, highly productive at no extra energy cost, with a low sludge production
• pre-treatment: neutralisation, settling, filtration, buffering
• physical-chemical treatment: coagulation, neutralization, precipitation, detoxication, flocculation, sedimentation, flotation, oxidation, adsorption
• membrane technology, biomembrane reactors
• water reuse: ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis
• aerobic processes: effective for both industrial and municipal wastewaters; biological denitryfication and phosphorus removal
• sludge treatment: stabilisation (biological, chemical); thickening, dewatering

Biogas removal process

Biogas is a mixture of gas, consisting of about 2/3 of methane and 1/3 of carbon dioxide, however the composition depends on the technological process and the applied input material. Apart from this, biogas consists of small quantities of hydrogen, hydrogen-sulphide, ammonia and other gases in trace quantities.
Biogas is obtained through the process of methane fermentation. It is a biological anaerobic process with the participation of bacteria, occurring spontaneously in nature, where there are great resources of organic matter and a lack of access to oxygen (marshes, turfs). In the methane fermentation process controlled by man, waste originating from agriculture, industry and communal services is a substrate.
The process of anaerobic treatment is a complex process and consists of two stages:
In the first stage, the complex organic substances (e.g. polysaccharides, proteins) are subject to hydrolysis to simple monomers. Then, during the acetogenesis, the hydrolysis products are processed into volatile fatty acids, hydrogen, CO2 and small quantities of other components.
The second stage consists of the transformation of volatile fatty acids into methane - an energy rich gas with a small biomass.
The energetic value of biogas amounts to 19.7-25 MJ/m3

The use of biogas energy – types of cogeneration:

• thermal
  • the use of heat for heating. e.g. process water for technological purposes; obtaining steam and heating buildings
    
  • the establishment of one’s own boiler house
• electric
  • the use of electric power for one’s own needs – a significant decrease in costs incurred for electric power
  • the sale of ”green energy” for the power network
  • the sale of (ecological) gas to the network

Application of the anaerobic treatment – biogas receipt

• potato industry
• fruit and vegetable industry
• brewing
• chemical industry
• pharmaceutical industry
• meat industry
• municipal waste
• other